What exactly is the parasitic white layer that forms after iron parts are treated with ammonia? [on hold] ...
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What exactly is the parasitic white layer that forms after iron parts are treated with ammonia? [on hold]
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$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
$endgroup$
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne 8 hours ago
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
$endgroup$
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne 8 hours ago
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
2 days ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
$endgroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
edited yesterday
Gaurang Tandon
5,33862764
5,33862764
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
asked 2 days ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne 8 hours ago
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne 8 hours ago
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
2 days ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
2 days ago
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
2 days ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
2 days ago
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
edited 2 days ago
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
answered 2 days ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
74018
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
add a comment |
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
1
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
yesterday
add a comment |
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
2 days ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
2 days ago