Understanding this description of teleportation Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18,...

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Understanding this description of teleportation



Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)
Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
Unicorn Meta Zoo #1: Why another podcast?Quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations (HHL09): Step 1 - Confusion regarding the usage of phase estimation algorithmQuantum algorithm for linear systems of equations (HHL09): Step 2 - What is $|Psi_0rangle$?HHL algorithm — problem with the outcome of postselectionQutrit TeleportationGeneral construction of $W_n$-stateCalculating measurement result of quantum swap circuitQuantum teleportation: second classical bit for removing entanglement?How to prepare a superposed states of odd integers from $1$ to $sqrt{N}$?Quantum teleportation with moving Alice and BobHow to complete this teleportation circuit? How to create a copy of $|psi〉$?





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4












$begingroup$


In the context of quantum teleportation, my lecturer writes the following (note that I assume the reader is familiar with the circuit):



If the measurement of the first qubit is 0 and the measurement of the second qubit is 0 , then we have the state $left|phi_4right>=c_0left|000right>+c_1left|001right>=left|00right>otimes left(c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>right)=left|00right> otimes left|psi 'right>$.



Now to get the final teleported state we have to go through the final two gates $Z, X$.



My lecturer writes this as;



$left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left|psi 'right>= left|psi'right>= c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>$



Here are my questions:




  1. Why is it that the we do not have $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left(left|00right>otimes left|psi 'right>right)$? I don't understand why we cut the state $left|phi_4right>$ "in half ", to use bad terminology, at this step.


  2. What does the superscript 0 on the operators refer to?


  3. In the final state again to use bad terminology we only use half of the state $left|phi_4right>$ can we always assume that the final state will be the $left|psi'right>$ part of $left|phi_4right>=left|xyright>otimesleft|psi'right>$ state, and if so what is the significance of the final step.



If my question is unanswerable due to a deep misunderstanding of the math processes here, I'd still really appreciate some clarification on whatever points can be answered and I can edit it to make more sense as I learn.










share|improve this question









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can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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$endgroup$



















    4












    $begingroup$


    In the context of quantum teleportation, my lecturer writes the following (note that I assume the reader is familiar with the circuit):



    If the measurement of the first qubit is 0 and the measurement of the second qubit is 0 , then we have the state $left|phi_4right>=c_0left|000right>+c_1left|001right>=left|00right>otimes left(c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>right)=left|00right> otimes left|psi 'right>$.



    Now to get the final teleported state we have to go through the final two gates $Z, X$.



    My lecturer writes this as;



    $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left|psi 'right>= left|psi'right>= c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>$



    Here are my questions:




    1. Why is it that the we do not have $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left(left|00right>otimes left|psi 'right>right)$? I don't understand why we cut the state $left|phi_4right>$ "in half ", to use bad terminology, at this step.


    2. What does the superscript 0 on the operators refer to?


    3. In the final state again to use bad terminology we only use half of the state $left|phi_4right>$ can we always assume that the final state will be the $left|psi'right>$ part of $left|phi_4right>=left|xyright>otimesleft|psi'right>$ state, and if so what is the significance of the final step.



    If my question is unanswerable due to a deep misunderstanding of the math processes here, I'd still really appreciate some clarification on whatever points can be answered and I can edit it to make more sense as I learn.










    share|improve this question









    New contributor




    can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.







    $endgroup$















      4












      4








      4





      $begingroup$


      In the context of quantum teleportation, my lecturer writes the following (note that I assume the reader is familiar with the circuit):



      If the measurement of the first qubit is 0 and the measurement of the second qubit is 0 , then we have the state $left|phi_4right>=c_0left|000right>+c_1left|001right>=left|00right>otimes left(c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>right)=left|00right> otimes left|psi 'right>$.



      Now to get the final teleported state we have to go through the final two gates $Z, X$.



      My lecturer writes this as;



      $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left|psi 'right>= left|psi'right>= c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>$



      Here are my questions:




      1. Why is it that the we do not have $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left(left|00right>otimes left|psi 'right>right)$? I don't understand why we cut the state $left|phi_4right>$ "in half ", to use bad terminology, at this step.


      2. What does the superscript 0 on the operators refer to?


      3. In the final state again to use bad terminology we only use half of the state $left|phi_4right>$ can we always assume that the final state will be the $left|psi'right>$ part of $left|phi_4right>=left|xyright>otimesleft|psi'right>$ state, and if so what is the significance of the final step.



      If my question is unanswerable due to a deep misunderstanding of the math processes here, I'd still really appreciate some clarification on whatever points can be answered and I can edit it to make more sense as I learn.










      share|improve this question









      New contributor




      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.







      $endgroup$




      In the context of quantum teleportation, my lecturer writes the following (note that I assume the reader is familiar with the circuit):



      If the measurement of the first qubit is 0 and the measurement of the second qubit is 0 , then we have the state $left|phi_4right>=c_0left|000right>+c_1left|001right>=left|00right>otimes left(c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>right)=left|00right> otimes left|psi 'right>$.



      Now to get the final teleported state we have to go through the final two gates $Z, X$.



      My lecturer writes this as;



      $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left|psi 'right>= left|psi'right>= c_0left|0right>+c_1left|1right>$



      Here are my questions:




      1. Why is it that the we do not have $left|gammaright>=Z^0X^0left(left|00right>otimes left|psi 'right>right)$? I don't understand why we cut the state $left|phi_4right>$ "in half ", to use bad terminology, at this step.


      2. What does the superscript 0 on the operators refer to?


      3. In the final state again to use bad terminology we only use half of the state $left|phi_4right>$ can we always assume that the final state will be the $left|psi'right>$ part of $left|phi_4right>=left|xyright>otimesleft|psi'right>$ state, and if so what is the significance of the final step.



      If my question is unanswerable due to a deep misunderstanding of the math processes here, I'd still really appreciate some clarification on whatever points can be answered and I can edit it to make more sense as I learn.







      algorithm quantum-state quantum-information teleportation






      share|improve this question









      New contributor




      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      share|improve this question









      New contributor




      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.









      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question








      edited yesterday









      Sanchayan Dutta

      6,68641556




      6,68641556






      New contributor




      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.









      asked yesterday









      can'tcauchycan'tcauchy

      1385




      1385




      New contributor




      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.





      New contributor





      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.






      can'tcauchy is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.






















          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes


















          4












          $begingroup$


          1. The first two qubits stay on the sender's side, and since they are not entangled with the receiver's qubit, it's not necessary to mention them any further — we switched to discussing the receiver's side of the protocol, and all information from the first two qubits is now in measurement results.


          2. The superscripts denote the power of the operator applied: if both measurement results are 0, you don't need to apply X or Z corrections, which is the same as applying these operators raised to power 0 ($X^0 = Z^0 = I$).


          3. After measuring the first two qubits, the state will always be represented as $|xyrangle otimes |text{some state}rangle$, but to convert the receiver's qubit from $|text{some state}rangle$ to the state that needed to be teleported $|psi'rangle$ you'll need to apply corrections which depend on the measurement results $x$ and $y$. I believe this is what you refer to as the final step, and its goal is fixing the amplitudes of the state for it to match the state that was teleported.







          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$









          • 1




            $begingroup$
            Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
            $endgroup$
            – Sanchayan Dutta
            yesterday














          Your Answer








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          1 Answer
          1






          active

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          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes









          4












          $begingroup$


          1. The first two qubits stay on the sender's side, and since they are not entangled with the receiver's qubit, it's not necessary to mention them any further — we switched to discussing the receiver's side of the protocol, and all information from the first two qubits is now in measurement results.


          2. The superscripts denote the power of the operator applied: if both measurement results are 0, you don't need to apply X or Z corrections, which is the same as applying these operators raised to power 0 ($X^0 = Z^0 = I$).


          3. After measuring the first two qubits, the state will always be represented as $|xyrangle otimes |text{some state}rangle$, but to convert the receiver's qubit from $|text{some state}rangle$ to the state that needed to be teleported $|psi'rangle$ you'll need to apply corrections which depend on the measurement results $x$ and $y$. I believe this is what you refer to as the final step, and its goal is fixing the amplitudes of the state for it to match the state that was teleported.







          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$









          • 1




            $begingroup$
            Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
            $endgroup$
            – Sanchayan Dutta
            yesterday


















          4












          $begingroup$


          1. The first two qubits stay on the sender's side, and since they are not entangled with the receiver's qubit, it's not necessary to mention them any further — we switched to discussing the receiver's side of the protocol, and all information from the first two qubits is now in measurement results.


          2. The superscripts denote the power of the operator applied: if both measurement results are 0, you don't need to apply X or Z corrections, which is the same as applying these operators raised to power 0 ($X^0 = Z^0 = I$).


          3. After measuring the first two qubits, the state will always be represented as $|xyrangle otimes |text{some state}rangle$, but to convert the receiver's qubit from $|text{some state}rangle$ to the state that needed to be teleported $|psi'rangle$ you'll need to apply corrections which depend on the measurement results $x$ and $y$. I believe this is what you refer to as the final step, and its goal is fixing the amplitudes of the state for it to match the state that was teleported.







          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$









          • 1




            $begingroup$
            Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
            $endgroup$
            – Sanchayan Dutta
            yesterday
















          4












          4








          4





          $begingroup$


          1. The first two qubits stay on the sender's side, and since they are not entangled with the receiver's qubit, it's not necessary to mention them any further — we switched to discussing the receiver's side of the protocol, and all information from the first two qubits is now in measurement results.


          2. The superscripts denote the power of the operator applied: if both measurement results are 0, you don't need to apply X or Z corrections, which is the same as applying these operators raised to power 0 ($X^0 = Z^0 = I$).


          3. After measuring the first two qubits, the state will always be represented as $|xyrangle otimes |text{some state}rangle$, but to convert the receiver's qubit from $|text{some state}rangle$ to the state that needed to be teleported $|psi'rangle$ you'll need to apply corrections which depend on the measurement results $x$ and $y$. I believe this is what you refer to as the final step, and its goal is fixing the amplitudes of the state for it to match the state that was teleported.







          share|improve this answer











          $endgroup$




          1. The first two qubits stay on the sender's side, and since they are not entangled with the receiver's qubit, it's not necessary to mention them any further — we switched to discussing the receiver's side of the protocol, and all information from the first two qubits is now in measurement results.


          2. The superscripts denote the power of the operator applied: if both measurement results are 0, you don't need to apply X or Z corrections, which is the same as applying these operators raised to power 0 ($X^0 = Z^0 = I$).


          3. After measuring the first two qubits, the state will always be represented as $|xyrangle otimes |text{some state}rangle$, but to convert the receiver's qubit from $|text{some state}rangle$ to the state that needed to be teleported $|psi'rangle$ you'll need to apply corrections which depend on the measurement results $x$ and $y$. I believe this is what you refer to as the final step, and its goal is fixing the amplitudes of the state for it to match the state that was teleported.








          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited yesterday

























          answered yesterday









          Mariia MykhailovaMariia Mykhailova

          1,8851212




          1,8851212








          • 1




            $begingroup$
            Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
            $endgroup$
            – Sanchayan Dutta
            yesterday
















          • 1




            $begingroup$
            Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
            $endgroup$
            – Sanchayan Dutta
            yesterday










          1




          1




          $begingroup$
          Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
          $endgroup$
          – Sanchayan Dutta
          yesterday






          $begingroup$
          Minor nitpicks. If you write text within a mathematical expression it's best to use the text{} formatting; otherwise, the $spacing space between space letters space is space somewhat space uneven$. Moreover, 1., 2. and 3. is the only format that works for numbered lists (on SE). 1), 2) and 3) does not work. Cf. help/formatting. I've edited these things; hope you don't mind. Also, it might be useful to clarify the Alice-Bob terminology in the answer itself as the OP doesn't seem to be using it.
          $endgroup$
          – Sanchayan Dutta
          yesterday












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