Am I correct in stating that the study of topology is purely theoretical?Real life applications of...

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Am I correct in stating that the study of topology is purely theoretical?


Real life applications of TopologyApplications of algebraic topologyReferences for Topology with applications in Engineering, Computer Science, RoboticsApplications of topology to logic?Book Reference for Calculus and Linear Algebra :: EngineerReference request: Vector bundles and line bundles etc.Topology: The Board GameFirst job in industry for a pure, pure mathematics folkHow important is the choice of books in studying Analysis?Should I go through Munkres' book?How does topology on a space relate to differentiation?Is there anything in real world (nature) which is uncountable ( i. e. infinite but not countably infinite)?(Real) Analysis Book Recommendations (having already studied Abstract Algebra, Calculus 1-3, Linear Algebra)Abbot or Bartle for introductory/mid level in Analysis on the Real Line?













8












$begingroup$


Am I correct in stating that the study of topology is purely theoretical?



To clarify, the real world is discrete or quantized (ie; digital) whether we are discussing atoms, quarks, or strings, etc; but topology seems to depend upon everything being continuous or analog.



For example, if I draw a one inch line and a two inch line on a chalkboard, there is a topological mapping of every point on the one inch line to the two inch line, but in actual fact there are twice as many particles of chalk (or atoms, etc.) on the two inch line as there are on the one inch line. What real world value then does the study of topology serve?



Recommendations for books or publications that answer this fundamental question are welcome.










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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$endgroup$








  • 16




    $begingroup$
    Regardless of the true nature of reality, mathematical models are useful for describing reality. Whenever you use mathematics to talk about something in the real world, the most important thing to remember is that you're using a model, and that model will have limitations. The game is to balance these limitations against the ability of the model to make calculations and predictions. Continuous models have proven incredibly useful for making calculations (see: calculus).
    $endgroup$
    – Alex Kruckman
    13 hours ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    @AlexKruckman: Your remark would be worth expanding into an answer.
    $endgroup$
    – J W
    13 hours ago






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Possibly related: Topology and the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics
    $endgroup$
    – Burnsba
    11 hours ago






  • 7




    $begingroup$
    As a child, I learned to count. But then I realized that even if I have three apples and you have three apples, the apples will not be the same. So what's the point of numbers?
    $endgroup$
    – Carsten S
    11 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You could ask the same question about real numbers.
    $endgroup$
    – Barmar
    6 hours ago
















8












$begingroup$


Am I correct in stating that the study of topology is purely theoretical?



To clarify, the real world is discrete or quantized (ie; digital) whether we are discussing atoms, quarks, or strings, etc; but topology seems to depend upon everything being continuous or analog.



For example, if I draw a one inch line and a two inch line on a chalkboard, there is a topological mapping of every point on the one inch line to the two inch line, but in actual fact there are twice as many particles of chalk (or atoms, etc.) on the two inch line as there are on the one inch line. What real world value then does the study of topology serve?



Recommendations for books or publications that answer this fundamental question are welcome.










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$








  • 16




    $begingroup$
    Regardless of the true nature of reality, mathematical models are useful for describing reality. Whenever you use mathematics to talk about something in the real world, the most important thing to remember is that you're using a model, and that model will have limitations. The game is to balance these limitations against the ability of the model to make calculations and predictions. Continuous models have proven incredibly useful for making calculations (see: calculus).
    $endgroup$
    – Alex Kruckman
    13 hours ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    @AlexKruckman: Your remark would be worth expanding into an answer.
    $endgroup$
    – J W
    13 hours ago






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Possibly related: Topology and the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics
    $endgroup$
    – Burnsba
    11 hours ago






  • 7




    $begingroup$
    As a child, I learned to count. But then I realized that even if I have three apples and you have three apples, the apples will not be the same. So what's the point of numbers?
    $endgroup$
    – Carsten S
    11 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You could ask the same question about real numbers.
    $endgroup$
    – Barmar
    6 hours ago














8












8








8


3



$begingroup$


Am I correct in stating that the study of topology is purely theoretical?



To clarify, the real world is discrete or quantized (ie; digital) whether we are discussing atoms, quarks, or strings, etc; but topology seems to depend upon everything being continuous or analog.



For example, if I draw a one inch line and a two inch line on a chalkboard, there is a topological mapping of every point on the one inch line to the two inch line, but in actual fact there are twice as many particles of chalk (or atoms, etc.) on the two inch line as there are on the one inch line. What real world value then does the study of topology serve?



Recommendations for books or publications that answer this fundamental question are welcome.










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$




Am I correct in stating that the study of topology is purely theoretical?



To clarify, the real world is discrete or quantized (ie; digital) whether we are discussing atoms, quarks, or strings, etc; but topology seems to depend upon everything being continuous or analog.



For example, if I draw a one inch line and a two inch line on a chalkboard, there is a topological mapping of every point on the one inch line to the two inch line, but in actual fact there are twice as many particles of chalk (or atoms, etc.) on the two inch line as there are on the one inch line. What real world value then does the study of topology serve?



Recommendations for books or publications that answer this fundamental question are welcome.







general-topology reference-request soft-question






share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited 13 hours ago









J. W. Tanner

2,4931117




2,4931117






New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 13 hours ago









Ron DotsonRon Dotson

592




592




New contributor




Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






Ron Dotson is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








  • 16




    $begingroup$
    Regardless of the true nature of reality, mathematical models are useful for describing reality. Whenever you use mathematics to talk about something in the real world, the most important thing to remember is that you're using a model, and that model will have limitations. The game is to balance these limitations against the ability of the model to make calculations and predictions. Continuous models have proven incredibly useful for making calculations (see: calculus).
    $endgroup$
    – Alex Kruckman
    13 hours ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    @AlexKruckman: Your remark would be worth expanding into an answer.
    $endgroup$
    – J W
    13 hours ago






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Possibly related: Topology and the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics
    $endgroup$
    – Burnsba
    11 hours ago






  • 7




    $begingroup$
    As a child, I learned to count. But then I realized that even if I have three apples and you have three apples, the apples will not be the same. So what's the point of numbers?
    $endgroup$
    – Carsten S
    11 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You could ask the same question about real numbers.
    $endgroup$
    – Barmar
    6 hours ago














  • 16




    $begingroup$
    Regardless of the true nature of reality, mathematical models are useful for describing reality. Whenever you use mathematics to talk about something in the real world, the most important thing to remember is that you're using a model, and that model will have limitations. The game is to balance these limitations against the ability of the model to make calculations and predictions. Continuous models have proven incredibly useful for making calculations (see: calculus).
    $endgroup$
    – Alex Kruckman
    13 hours ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    @AlexKruckman: Your remark would be worth expanding into an answer.
    $endgroup$
    – J W
    13 hours ago






  • 6




    $begingroup$
    Possibly related: Topology and the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics
    $endgroup$
    – Burnsba
    11 hours ago






  • 7




    $begingroup$
    As a child, I learned to count. But then I realized that even if I have three apples and you have three apples, the apples will not be the same. So what's the point of numbers?
    $endgroup$
    – Carsten S
    11 hours ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    You could ask the same question about real numbers.
    $endgroup$
    – Barmar
    6 hours ago








16




16




$begingroup$
Regardless of the true nature of reality, mathematical models are useful for describing reality. Whenever you use mathematics to talk about something in the real world, the most important thing to remember is that you're using a model, and that model will have limitations. The game is to balance these limitations against the ability of the model to make calculations and predictions. Continuous models have proven incredibly useful for making calculations (see: calculus).
$endgroup$
– Alex Kruckman
13 hours ago






$begingroup$
Regardless of the true nature of reality, mathematical models are useful for describing reality. Whenever you use mathematics to talk about something in the real world, the most important thing to remember is that you're using a model, and that model will have limitations. The game is to balance these limitations against the ability of the model to make calculations and predictions. Continuous models have proven incredibly useful for making calculations (see: calculus).
$endgroup$
– Alex Kruckman
13 hours ago






4




4




$begingroup$
@AlexKruckman: Your remark would be worth expanding into an answer.
$endgroup$
– J W
13 hours ago




$begingroup$
@AlexKruckman: Your remark would be worth expanding into an answer.
$endgroup$
– J W
13 hours ago




6




6




$begingroup$
Possibly related: Topology and the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics
$endgroup$
– Burnsba
11 hours ago




$begingroup$
Possibly related: Topology and the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics
$endgroup$
– Burnsba
11 hours ago




7




7




$begingroup$
As a child, I learned to count. But then I realized that even if I have three apples and you have three apples, the apples will not be the same. So what's the point of numbers?
$endgroup$
– Carsten S
11 hours ago




$begingroup$
As a child, I learned to count. But then I realized that even if I have three apples and you have three apples, the apples will not be the same. So what's the point of numbers?
$endgroup$
– Carsten S
11 hours ago




3




3




$begingroup$
You could ask the same question about real numbers.
$endgroup$
– Barmar
6 hours ago




$begingroup$
You could ask the same question about real numbers.
$endgroup$
– Barmar
6 hours ago










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















16












$begingroup$

I would invite you to read Robert Ghrist's Elementary Applied Topology or check out Adams & Franzosa's Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied to get a taste of some of the numerous applications of topology in the real world, regardless of whether the mathematical models involved match reality perfectly at all scales.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$





















    9












    $begingroup$

    You have asked a philosophical question, not a mathematical one.



    If by "purely theoretical" you mean something like "useless in the real world" then the answer is no. Topology has contributed significantly to our understanding of differential equations, which model many useful real world phenomena. In quantum mechanics, resolving the puzzling "wave particle duality" depends on seeing how the appropriate mathematical model can be treated with the mathematics of continuous systems. Without that kind of analysis we couldn't understand transistors and build computers.
    String theory (which has not yet been useful in the real world) relies on lots of topological ideas - in particular, on the study of Calabi-Yau manifolds.



    When you say




    the real world is discrete or quantized




    you are on shaky philosophical ground. We live in the real world, but we don't know what it "is". All we have in physics are mathematical models we use to make predictions about how it behaves. At the present time the best mathematical models for its small scale behavior are quantum mechanical, but they don't say the real world is "really made up of discrete pieces".






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$









    • 4




      $begingroup$
      And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
      $endgroup$
      – Paul Sinclair
      8 hours ago










    • $begingroup$
      the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
      $endgroup$
      – don bright
      2 hours ago










    • $begingroup$
      @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
      $endgroup$
      – PyRulez
      1 hour ago










    • $begingroup$
      @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
      $endgroup$
      – Paul Sinclair
      42 mins ago










    • $begingroup$
      @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
      $endgroup$
      – PyRulez
      25 mins ago



















    0












    $begingroup$

    Topology is possible to apply, but to apply it you need to know it, which not particularly many engineers do. :)



    Same with any other higher math. You can do really cool applied abstract algebra things too, given you get guy responsible on project to thumb you up. This rarely seems to happen if they are not confident they understand it.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













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      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes








      3 Answers
      3






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      16












      $begingroup$

      I would invite you to read Robert Ghrist's Elementary Applied Topology or check out Adams & Franzosa's Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied to get a taste of some of the numerous applications of topology in the real world, regardless of whether the mathematical models involved match reality perfectly at all scales.






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$


















        16












        $begingroup$

        I would invite you to read Robert Ghrist's Elementary Applied Topology or check out Adams & Franzosa's Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied to get a taste of some of the numerous applications of topology in the real world, regardless of whether the mathematical models involved match reality perfectly at all scales.






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$
















          16












          16








          16





          $begingroup$

          I would invite you to read Robert Ghrist's Elementary Applied Topology or check out Adams & Franzosa's Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied to get a taste of some of the numerous applications of topology in the real world, regardless of whether the mathematical models involved match reality perfectly at all scales.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$



          I would invite you to read Robert Ghrist's Elementary Applied Topology or check out Adams & Franzosa's Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied to get a taste of some of the numerous applications of topology in the real world, regardless of whether the mathematical models involved match reality perfectly at all scales.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered 13 hours ago









          J WJ W

          2,0131628




          2,0131628























              9












              $begingroup$

              You have asked a philosophical question, not a mathematical one.



              If by "purely theoretical" you mean something like "useless in the real world" then the answer is no. Topology has contributed significantly to our understanding of differential equations, which model many useful real world phenomena. In quantum mechanics, resolving the puzzling "wave particle duality" depends on seeing how the appropriate mathematical model can be treated with the mathematics of continuous systems. Without that kind of analysis we couldn't understand transistors and build computers.
              String theory (which has not yet been useful in the real world) relies on lots of topological ideas - in particular, on the study of Calabi-Yau manifolds.



              When you say




              the real world is discrete or quantized




              you are on shaky philosophical ground. We live in the real world, but we don't know what it "is". All we have in physics are mathematical models we use to make predictions about how it behaves. At the present time the best mathematical models for its small scale behavior are quantum mechanical, but they don't say the real world is "really made up of discrete pieces".






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$









              • 4




                $begingroup$
                And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                8 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
                $endgroup$
                – don bright
                2 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                1 hour ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                42 mins ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                25 mins ago
















              9












              $begingroup$

              You have asked a philosophical question, not a mathematical one.



              If by "purely theoretical" you mean something like "useless in the real world" then the answer is no. Topology has contributed significantly to our understanding of differential equations, which model many useful real world phenomena. In quantum mechanics, resolving the puzzling "wave particle duality" depends on seeing how the appropriate mathematical model can be treated with the mathematics of continuous systems. Without that kind of analysis we couldn't understand transistors and build computers.
              String theory (which has not yet been useful in the real world) relies on lots of topological ideas - in particular, on the study of Calabi-Yau manifolds.



              When you say




              the real world is discrete or quantized




              you are on shaky philosophical ground. We live in the real world, but we don't know what it "is". All we have in physics are mathematical models we use to make predictions about how it behaves. At the present time the best mathematical models for its small scale behavior are quantum mechanical, but they don't say the real world is "really made up of discrete pieces".






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$









              • 4




                $begingroup$
                And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                8 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
                $endgroup$
                – don bright
                2 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                1 hour ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                42 mins ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                25 mins ago














              9












              9








              9





              $begingroup$

              You have asked a philosophical question, not a mathematical one.



              If by "purely theoretical" you mean something like "useless in the real world" then the answer is no. Topology has contributed significantly to our understanding of differential equations, which model many useful real world phenomena. In quantum mechanics, resolving the puzzling "wave particle duality" depends on seeing how the appropriate mathematical model can be treated with the mathematics of continuous systems. Without that kind of analysis we couldn't understand transistors and build computers.
              String theory (which has not yet been useful in the real world) relies on lots of topological ideas - in particular, on the study of Calabi-Yau manifolds.



              When you say




              the real world is discrete or quantized




              you are on shaky philosophical ground. We live in the real world, but we don't know what it "is". All we have in physics are mathematical models we use to make predictions about how it behaves. At the present time the best mathematical models for its small scale behavior are quantum mechanical, but they don't say the real world is "really made up of discrete pieces".






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$



              You have asked a philosophical question, not a mathematical one.



              If by "purely theoretical" you mean something like "useless in the real world" then the answer is no. Topology has contributed significantly to our understanding of differential equations, which model many useful real world phenomena. In quantum mechanics, resolving the puzzling "wave particle duality" depends on seeing how the appropriate mathematical model can be treated with the mathematics of continuous systems. Without that kind of analysis we couldn't understand transistors and build computers.
              String theory (which has not yet been useful in the real world) relies on lots of topological ideas - in particular, on the study of Calabi-Yau manifolds.



              When you say




              the real world is discrete or quantized




              you are on shaky philosophical ground. We live in the real world, but we don't know what it "is". All we have in physics are mathematical models we use to make predictions about how it behaves. At the present time the best mathematical models for its small scale behavior are quantum mechanical, but they don't say the real world is "really made up of discrete pieces".







              share|cite|improve this answer












              share|cite|improve this answer



              share|cite|improve this answer










              answered 8 hours ago









              Ethan BolkerEthan Bolker

              43.7k551116




              43.7k551116








              • 4




                $begingroup$
                And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                8 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
                $endgroup$
                – don bright
                2 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                1 hour ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                42 mins ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                25 mins ago














              • 4




                $begingroup$
                And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                8 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
                $endgroup$
                – don bright
                2 hours ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                1 hour ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
                $endgroup$
                – Paul Sinclair
                42 mins ago










              • $begingroup$
                @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
                $endgroup$
                – PyRulez
                25 mins ago








              4




              4




              $begingroup$
              And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
              $endgroup$
              – Paul Sinclair
              8 hours ago




              $begingroup$
              And those supposedly "discrete" quantum mechanical models are actually expressed in terms of the mathematics of continuums. Perhaps it is possible to develop a truly discrete theory of quantum mechanics, but I've never heard of one.
              $endgroup$
              – Paul Sinclair
              8 hours ago












              $begingroup$
              the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
              $endgroup$
              – don bright
              2 hours ago




              $begingroup$
              the tricky part to me seems to be that our computers are mostly discrete, while our theories are mostly continuous...
              $endgroup$
              – don bright
              2 hours ago












              $begingroup$
              @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
              $endgroup$
              – PyRulez
              1 hour ago




              $begingroup$
              @PaulSinclair that's because QM is not discrete at all. It only says that certain phenomenon are discrete. Saying everything is discrete in QM is like saying everything is relative in relativity.
              $endgroup$
              – PyRulez
              1 hour ago












              $begingroup$
              @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
              $endgroup$
              – Paul Sinclair
              42 mins ago




              $begingroup$
              @PyRulez - Those "certain phenomena" include everything we can observe. That being the case, we cannot say with complete confidence whether the continuous underpinings we have given the theory of QM are requisite, or just an artifact of our lack of imagination. So the best we can say with confidence is that our continuous models work. We cannot say that they are the only things that work.
              $endgroup$
              – Paul Sinclair
              42 mins ago












              $begingroup$
              @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
              $endgroup$
              – PyRulez
              25 mins ago




              $begingroup$
              @PaulSinclair frequency of events?
              $endgroup$
              – PyRulez
              25 mins ago











              0












              $begingroup$

              Topology is possible to apply, but to apply it you need to know it, which not particularly many engineers do. :)



              Same with any other higher math. You can do really cool applied abstract algebra things too, given you get guy responsible on project to thumb you up. This rarely seems to happen if they are not confident they understand it.






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$


















                0












                $begingroup$

                Topology is possible to apply, but to apply it you need to know it, which not particularly many engineers do. :)



                Same with any other higher math. You can do really cool applied abstract algebra things too, given you get guy responsible on project to thumb you up. This rarely seems to happen if they are not confident they understand it.






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$
















                  0












                  0








                  0





                  $begingroup$

                  Topology is possible to apply, but to apply it you need to know it, which not particularly many engineers do. :)



                  Same with any other higher math. You can do really cool applied abstract algebra things too, given you get guy responsible on project to thumb you up. This rarely seems to happen if they are not confident they understand it.






                  share|cite|improve this answer









                  $endgroup$



                  Topology is possible to apply, but to apply it you need to know it, which not particularly many engineers do. :)



                  Same with any other higher math. You can do really cool applied abstract algebra things too, given you get guy responsible on project to thumb you up. This rarely seems to happen if they are not confident they understand it.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered 8 hours ago









                  mathreadlermathreadler

                  15k72263




                  15k72263






















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